Tonicity refers to how a solution affects water movement across a cell membrane based on the concentration of solutes. Here’s how different solutions compare in… Read More »What Is Tonicty?

The normal range of blood osmolality is typically 275 to 295 mOsm/kg. This range reflects the concentration of solutes in the blood and is essential… Read More »Blood Osmolality Normal Range

Osmotic pressure is the pressure needed to stop water from moving across a semipermeable membrane due to osmosis. It is the force that pulls water… Read More »What Is Osmotic Pressure?

Hydrostatic pressure is the force exerted by a fluid at rest, such as blood pressure in vessels, which drives fluid and solute movement across membranes… Read More »What Is Hydrostatic Pressure?

A solvent is a liquid that dissolves a solute to form a solution. Water is the most common solvent, as it can dissolve many substances.

A solute is a substance that is dissolved in a liquid to form a solution. For example, salt dissolved in water is a solution where… Read More »What Is A Solute?

Filtration is the process where fluid and solutes move through a membrane from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure, typically… Read More »What Is Filtration?

Osmolality is a measure of the concentration of solutes (such as salts, sugars, and electrolytes) in a kilogram of solvent (typically water). It indicates how… Read More »What Is Osmolality?

Osmosis is the movement of fluid from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration until balance is achieved.

Diffusion is the movement of solutes from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, eventually resulting in equal concentrations of solutes.